摘要: |
Australia has 30 years of recent history with road, motorway and tunnel public private partnerships (PPPs) in the cities of Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne.The PPP approach has delivered outstanding infrastructure for the governments and communities of those cities, however the Australian PPP model has not been without failure for private sector proponents.The Australian PPP model has delivered significant benefits including;on time on budget methodologies that out perform traditional contracting approaches;superior governance including by financiers and lenders as well as a whole of government approach;better community outcomes that encompass earlier delivery of infrastructure when compared to traditional funding approaches;significant community involvement and investment in local community outcomes.The Australian PPP model allows for unsolicited private sector proposals as well the traditional government proponent approach and success has been achieved with unsolicited proposals in both brownfield and greenfield situations.In fact, the famous Sydney Harbour Tunnel is a successful unsolicited greenfield PPP that was accepted by the government in the 1980s.Traditional greenfield PPPs rely heavily on the art and science of traffic modelling and Australia has experienced the full spectrum of operational PPP outcomes from outstanding financial success to private bankruptcy.PPP models must evolve accordingly and the Australian market is continuously responding to lesson learnt including the provision of more comprehensive guidelines from government, tailoring finance and funding approaches to the specific infrastructure being developed and ensuring the different risks associated with brownfield and greenfield projects are taken separately and on their merits.This paper will examine the 30 years of PPP success in Australia, draw out the lessons learnt from financial failure as well as success, track the evolving model and changing approach to public infrastructure and highlight why unsolicited proposals in both greenfield and brownfield environments can deliver enormous benefits for communities. |