摘要: |
Some pipeline failures suggest that more complex situations need to be accounted for than is currently the practice. Interactions of pipe defect conditions with variable loadings, increased loadings, complex loadings, or changing conditions have led to failures under conditions normally considered safe. The industry should be applying a second level of complexity to the evaluation of degraded conditions where one or all of the following circumstances could exist: (a) loadings are biaxial, (b) loadings vary with time, or (c) environments interact with conditions to adversely alter the condition's stability or rate of degradation. Recognizing and quantifying these effects will require integration of data from In-line Inspection (ILI) (perhaps from tools an operator would not normally use such as slope-curvature tools or crack-detection tools), ground or aerial patrols, or at some sites, actual monitoring or measurement of changing conditions. Thus the outcome of this project will be guidance in the form of decision processes and data needs for identifying and evaluating complex and/or interactive situations. |