摘要: |
Lifeline systems are those facilities that provide the main utility or transportation services to a community (e.g., electric and portable water transmission and distribution, wastewater collection and treatment, highways, railroads, seaports and inland waterway ports). The extent of interdependency of the lifeline system plays a significant role in the vulnerability of a community--as one or more systems beginning to fail leads to a domino effect that could result in a major shut down, resulting in both economic and social impacts. Increasing population density and increased vulnerability of the coastal areas to hurricanes have created major challenges for communities especially with increasing awareness after recent disasters (i.e., Katrina and Rita). Lifeline interruption events are linked by time and dynamic interactions among the systems. This research will demonstrate the infrastructure limitations (design and operation) of lifeline facilities for coastal communities, identify critical bottlenecks in service quality and show how failure will propagate through the system. Analysis will be conducted for two case studies to answer the following questions: (1) What are the similarities in service interruption profiles in integrated lifeline systems (transportation, water/sewer)? (2) How do the stages, steps, phases or events relate to one another? (3) What happens if an event does not take place? What is the final outcome? (4) How can we establish check points? (5) How can agencies develop coordinated maintenance schedules to minimize (or reduce) service interruptions and increase maintenance cost effectiveness? |