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原文传递 Review of Cost of Compliance with the New International Freight Transport Security Requirements : Consolidated Report of the Investigations Carried Out in Ports in the Africa, Europe and Central Asia, and Latin America and Caribbean Regions

题名：	Review of Cost of Compliance with the New International Freight Transport Security Requirements : Consolidated Report of the Investigations Carried Out in Ports in the Africa, Europe and Central Asia, and Latin America and Caribbean Regions
责任者：	Kruk, C. Bert<=>Donner, Michel Luc
关键词：	Private Sector Development；E-Business；Technology Industry；Ports and Waterways；Transport Security；Transport Economics Policy and Planning；Industry；Transport
学科分类：	交通运输规划与管理
摘要：	Without transport there is no economic development and, in a reciprocal conclusion, the more efficient transport is, the better is the development. Bearing in mind that more than 90 percent of the world trade in tons per year is transported by sea and against the background of increasing ship sizes (especially in the container trade) and continuously growing globalization, the requirements for adequate and secure port facilities and the resulting logistics challenges are accelerating worldwide. The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS code) is a comprehensive set of measures to enhance the security of ships and port facilities and came into force on the July 1, 2004. The ISPS code is implemented through chapter XI-2 special measures to enhance maritime security in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). The code has two parts, one mandatory (part A) and one recommendatory (part B). Compliance is mandatory for the 148 contracting parties to SOLAS; detailed implementation of the code is a matter for the individual national governments. The introduction of the ISPS Code has led to many questions and misunderstandings. The code does not, as will have been useful, prescribe in exact terms and data what port facility and port managers have to do or provide to ensure that they are compliant. Part A of the ISPS code actually is a type of questionnaire that asks questions about security items, but then stops short of giving exact and uniform instructions as to how the specific measures can be established. A simple example is the fencing of the port facility. The ISPS code describes that the port facility has to be fenced adequately so as to prevent illegal intruders from entering the facility. But the code does not describe the type of fence, its height and so on. This has led to situations in which a port authority considered its fence adequate, but found out later that other entities, such as security consultants or the United States (US) Coast Guard, did not fully agree with this, and sometimes even not at all. The ISO (International Organization for Standardization) has made an attempt to translate the ISPS Code in a type of handbook, but the result in fact was another questionnaire.
出版机构：	World Bank
报告类型：	咨询报告
详细地址：	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/02/9693557/review-cost-compliance-new-international-freight-transport-security-requirements-consolidated-report-investigations-carried-out-ports-africa-europe-central-asia-latin-america-caribbean-regions
资源类型：	科技（咨询、行业）报告
初始创建时间：	2008-02
最新修改时间：	2017-12-14T04:37:16Z