详情

Mobility in Post-Pandemic under Social Distancing Guidelines: Congestion, Emission and Transit Contact Network

项目名称：	Mobility in Post-Pandemic under Social Distancing Guidelines: Congestion, Emission and Transit Contact Network
摘要：	The COVID-19 pandemic, besides its human life costs, has locked down cities and has halted urban activities and therefore obviates traffic congestion and emission. With reopening the economy in progress, traffic congestion is slowly coming back to the urban areas, it is becoming evident that driving volume might increase after the full reopening phase. Data from Apple Mobility Reports suggests that driving mode dropped by 60% in early April but by mid-June the driving trips were 20% higher than in mid-January. Transit trips, however, were still down by 70% as of mid-June compared to mid-January. Health guidelines such as the one by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) directs people to practice social distancing as one of the most effective ways to flatten the pandemic curve across the world. While New York City (NYC) is reopening and transit systems are held to social distancing rules, higher single occupancy vehicle mode share will exacerbate traffic congestion and vehicle emissions. Later, this will negatively affect public health and climate change issues. On the other hand, as health guidelines and previous studies suggest using transit services could trigger a second wave of outbreak. In this study the research team simulates various re-opening strategies to examine if it is possible to maintain social distancing on transit systems based on health authorities’ guidelines, and satisfy daily activity needs while perpetuating transportation network performance and preserving energy consumption and vehicle emissions. To investigate the changes in transportation network performance, emissions, and the associated health risks, the team will design different scenarios of possible transit system operations. The team will assume different transit capacity levels at 50% and 100%. The team will then evaluate the changes in the transportation network performance measures along with the risk of contracting COVID-19 for transit users. A well-calibrated simulation model in a multi-agent simulation platform was developed by C2SMART researchers for NYC, called MATSim-NYC. To study the travel behavior in the case of COVID-19, the MATSim-NYC model is recalibrated using ridership and work from home data during COVID-19 pandemic to update the mode choice utility functions for synthetic population. The Post Processing Software for Air Quality (PPS-AQ) developed by Cornell University is used to estimate the emissions and energy impacts. PPS-AQ integrates the outputs from transportation model with the emission rates from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES).
状态：	Completed
资金：	29751
资助组织：	Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology
项目负责人：	Kline, Robin
执行机构：	Center for Transportation, Environment, and Community Health
开始时间：	20201001
预计完成日期：	20210930
实际结束时间：	20210930
主题领域：	Environment；Passenger Transportation；Planning and Forecasting；Public Transportation；Safety and Human Factors