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原文传递 SUITABILITY OF OPTICAL, RADIO AND RADAR TECHNOLOGIES AS POTENTIAL EMERGENCY VEHICLE SIREN SYSTEM ENHANCEMENTS.

题名：	SUITABILITY OF OPTICAL, RADIO AND RADAR TECHNOLOGIES AS POTENTIAL EMERGENCY VEHICLE SIREN SYSTEM ENHANCEMENTS.
作者：	Jenkins-J; Dudek-CL (Editor)
关键词：	Emergency-vehicles; Evaluation-; Future-; Improvements-; Optical-systems; Radar-; Radio-; Recommendations-; Research-; Sirens-; Traffic-safety-education
摘要：	This paper presents an evaluation of the emergency siren system as an audible warning for passenger car drivers and investigates the suitability of optical, radio and radar technologies to enhance the current system. Details of the sound source, sound propagation and the receiver are presented and discussed with respect to the emergency siren system. Five criteria, identified as properties of a good audible warning system, are used to evaluate the emergency siren system. The emergency siren system satisfies only two of the five evaluation criteria, which suggests that the audible signal used by the emergency siren system is inadequate. A remedy for the deficiency of the siren system may include an enhancement of the sound source or the sound receiver. Perhaps a different means of communication could be used. These alternatives are investigated. While enhancing the sound source is found not feasible, enhancing the sound receiver is found feasible. There are several sound-based detection devices currently available which detect the siren and in turn notify the driver of the approach of the emergency vehicle. The suitability of using an optical, radio or radar-based system is investigated. Considering the current system uses sound transmission, the suitability of the other systems is based on a comparison with a sound-based system. Optical, radio and radar-based systems have operating ranges greater than sound-based systems. The optical-based system provides no other benefit and is not able to warn pedestrians and other non-vehicle roadway users of the approach of an emergency vehicle. Both radio and radar-based systems provide additional benefits. Radio-based systems do not require the source to be in direct line of sight with the receiver and radar-based systems have precise signal direction ability. Neither radio nor radar transmissions are sensitive to weather. Therefore, the use of sound, radio or radar transmissions is suitable when considering an enhancement to the current emergency siren system. The author recommends the continued use of the siren system and the application of radio or radar transmissions as an enhancement. Study into the effectiveness of the siren system, with respect to response time, is recommended for future study. As always, efforts to educate the operators of the emergency warning system and the drivers and the other roadway users should continue.
总页数：	1999/08. pp264-282 (2 Fig., 4 Tab., 21 Ref.)
报告类型：	科技报告