详情

原文传递 TOWARD ZERO EMISSIONS FOR TRANSPORTATION USING FOSSIL FUELS.

题名：	TOWARD ZERO EMISSIONS FOR TRANSPORTATION USING FOSSIL FUELS.
作者：	Williams-RH; Sperling-D (Editor); Kurani-K (Editor)
关键词：	Benefits-; Carbon-dioxide; Costs-; Fuel-cells; Fuel-processing; Hydrogen-fuels
摘要：	This paper presents the case for the hydrogen (H2) fuel cell as the fuel and engine option of choice for the automobile in the long term. A transition to H2 as a major energy carrier alternative to gasoline and diesel fuel and the fuel cell as an alternative to the internal combustion engine would be very costly and would require many decades. These technologies therefore must offer benefits that exceed the huge costs involved. Yet the societal costs of a business-as-usual future in which the automobile continues to be dominated by hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engines are also arguably huge. Concerns about oil supply insecurity, air pollution damages, and climate change motivate serious consideration of introducing H2 as a transport fuel. The paper examines three options for H2 production with zero or near-zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions: (1) H2 derived from fossil fuels with CO2 capture/sequestration; (2) H2 derived electrolytically from water using non-carbon-based electricity supplies; and (3) H2 derived from water via complex thermochemical cycles using non-carbon heat sources. This is followed by a discussion of the outlook for CO2 disposal.
总页数：	Conference Title: Transportation, Energy, and Environmental Policy: Managing Transitions. Location: Monterey, California. Sponsored by: Transportation Research Board
报告类型：	科技报告