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原文传递 Design of road-side crash barriers using the societal harm reduction method.

题名：	Design of road-side crash barriers using the societal harm reduction method.
作者：	GRZEBIETA-R (Monash University, Australia); KOAY-K
关键词：	SAFETY-FENCE; 1686-; DESIGN-OVERALL-DESIGN; 9011-; PLANNING-; 0133-; ROAD-; 2755-; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; 6473-; IMPACT-TEST-VEH; 1648-; INJURY-; 2163-; SEVERITY-ACCID,-INJURY; 1623-; PREVENTION-; 1670-; CONFERENCE-; 8525-
摘要：	Vehicle crashes into fixed objects cost the Australian community more than one billion dollars per annum. One way of reducing the above costs is to redirect errant vehicles away from a fixed road hazard using a safety crash barrier. Determining what form of barrier is placed into a road environment has to date been mainly based on cost and preceding construction history. This paper proposes a new method of designing roadside crash barriers. The method is based on simulating, via a computer model, vehicles crashing into a barrier system in the road environment being designed. Statistical data relating to the barrier's real world in-situ crash performance is then linked with the simulation results. The method should complement the present approach adopted by road authorities - that is, road safety audits and crash barrier test performance. Some examples presented in the paper illustrate how crashes can be simulated using a computer to determine impact loads, vehicle kinematics and injuries to vehicle occupants. A flow diagram shows how the injury data output from these crash simulations is coupled to real world crash frequencies and injury costs to obtain the likely harm a barrier system incurs on road users for a particular road environment. The barrier system that generates the smallest harm to society can then be chosen. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see IRRD abstract no. E200232.
总页数：	ROAD SAFETY RESEARCH, POLICING, EDUCATION CONFERENCE, 1998, WELLINGTON, NEW ZEALAND, VOL 1. 1998. pp175-184 (20 Refs.)
报告类型：	科技报告