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原文传递 ANALYSIS OF THROUGHPUT ACHIEVABLE WITH AUTOMATED AND MANUAL VEHICLES SHARING A LANE.

题名：	ANALYSIS OF THROUGHPUT ACHIEVABLE WITH AUTOMATED AND MANUAL VEHICLES SHARING A LANE.
作者：	Miller-M
关键词：	THROUGHPUT-ANALYSIS; MIXED-TRAFFIC; AUTOMATED-VEHICLES; MANUAL-VEHICLES; AUTOMATED-HIGHWAY-SYSTEMS; MARKET-PENETRATION; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS
摘要：	Automated highway systems involve the application of vehicle/ highway automation technology to provide improvements in traffic safety, throughput, travel times, comfort, convenience, energy and the environment. Automated highway systems are currently being studied under the auspices of the National Automated Highway System Consortium. Areas of investigation include the study of emerging technologies with potential application to automated highway systems, the development of both analytical and simulation modeling tools with which to assist in both the design and evaluation of alternative systems, the study of societal and institutional issues, and the study of alternative automated highway system attributes. One attribute pair that is being investigated is the choice between whether automated vehicles would always be separated from non-automated vehicles or whether these two vehicle types would be allowed to travel in the same lane, that is, in mixed traffic. This paper focuses on a throughput analysis of mixed traffic automated operations and estimates throughput as a function of the market penetration of automated vehicles in the traffic stream. Two types of automated vehicles are under consideration. They are referred to as an independent autonomous and low cooperative light-duty vehicle. For both types, all the intelligence is located within the vehicle. For the autonomous, the vehicles do not communicate with each other, whereas, for the low cooperative, emergency messages do flow from one vehicle to vehicles behind it. While operating in mixed traffic, four combinations of vehicle-to-vehicle pair positions are possible since each of the two vehicles of any pair may be automated or manual. Given these four possibilities or "outcomes" a simple probability calculation is used to estimate the likelihood that each of these four outcomes will occur, leading to an expression for throughput as a function of the market penetration of automated vehicles. A sensitivity analysis was performed to understand the effect on throughput of variations in numerous parameters, such as operating speed, a headway penalty depending on the positioning of manual and automated vehicles relative to each other, all manual throughput, inter-vehicle spacings, and automated vehicle type, all of which showed sensitivity. The throughput analysis results indicate that throughput increases with increasing market penetration, however, at different rates of increase. For relatively small values of market penetration, changes in throughput are small. The results indicate that a substantial market penetration of automated vehicles is required before appreciable throughput increases can be achieved.
总页数：	Conference Title: Merging the Transportation and Communications Revolutions. Abstracts for ITS America Seventh Annual Meeting and Exposition. Location: Washington, D.C. Sponsored by: ITS America. Held: 19970602-19970605. 1997. pp12
报告类型：	科技报告