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原文传递 ISSUES FOR AN AUTOMATED HIGHWAY SYSTEM THAT SUPPORTS MIXED AUTOMATED AND MANUAL TRAFFIC.

题名：	ISSUES FOR AN AUTOMATED HIGHWAY SYSTEM THAT SUPPORTS MIXED AUTOMATED AND MANUAL TRAFFIC.
作者：	Jacoby-C
关键词：	AUTOMATED-HIGHWAY-SYSTEMS; MIXED-TRAFFIC; AUTOMATED-HIGHWAY-GUIDANCE; MANUAL-CONTROL; TRAFFIC-SAFETY; HIGHWAY-CAPACITY; ADAPTIVE-CONTROL-SYSTEMS; LANE-KEEPING
摘要：	Probably the biggest issue in the definition of the national automated highway system (AHS) is whether or not the automated vehicles will share the road with manually driven vehicles. If they can, it will avoid common concerns about dedicating lanes of roads exclusively to AHS. This paper discusses some of the issues under study by the National Automated Highway System Consortium (NAHSC). There are several reasons to consider mixed traffic AHS. The AHS may evolve naturally from driving aids such as cruise control. Construction costs may be minimized. Almost any freeway may become an AHS. All AHS roads may be available to most vehicles, avoiding elitism and low usage. As it turns out, each of these motivations is tempered by constraints and conflicting interests and priorities. There is much diversity of views on this question within the NAHSC. There are two very different reasons for interest in mixed traffic operations. One is as a "pre-AHS" intermediate step growing out of driver aids currently being developed, such as adaptive cruise control and lane keeping. This is of interest as a step in the evolutionary growth from current vehicles and highways to a full automated system. This, however, is not a smooth path following the natural evolution of technology. The reason is that moment-by-moment control such as steering and braking are most easily automated, but a driver who gives up such control will become inattentive. That means that the situation awareness and hazard response functions so critical for safe driving will not get done. Hence the driver either must be kept involved or the system must automate response to any contingency. The other reason for interest in mixed traffic operations, and the focus of this paper, is the eventual full AHS. This paper describes several issue areas for mixed traffic. The key ones are the role of the driver, evolutionary deployment, safety and roadway capacity. They all ultimately revolve around the issue of when and whether an automated vehicle can respond to all safety threats that may occur on the highway. A catalog of test scenarios for mixed traffic has been developed based on accident statistics and driving records.
总页数：	Conference Title: Merging the Transportation and Communications Revolutions. Abstracts for ITS America Seventh Annual Meeting and Exposition. Location: Washington, D.C. Sponsored by: ITS America. Held: 19970602-19970605. 1997. pp12
报告类型：	科技报告