摘要: |
The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) was concluded during the Uruguay Round, and constitutes an integral part of the Uruguay Round Agreements that entered into force on January 1, 1995. The GATS comprises: (1) a framework of rules and obligations (e.g., most-favored-nation (MFN) treatment and regulatory transparency) intended to facilitate international trade and investment in services; (2) national schedules, wherein countries list commitments to accord market access and national treatment to foreign service providers on an industry-by-industry basis, subject to explicit exceptions; and (3) a series of annexes and ministerial decisions that augment rules found in the framework and provide for follow-up activities and additional negotiations. Most of the detail of the final agreement resides in the national schedules of commitments. To date, 132 countries have submitted national schedules. About two-thirds of these have also submitted MFN Exemption Lists, which identify the nature and duration of preferences accorded to service suppliers from certain foreign countries. At the request of the Office of the United States Trade Representative, the United States International Trade Commission (USITC) assumed responsibility for maintaining and updating, as necessary, the United States' Schedule of Commitments (U.S. Schedule) and List of Article II (MFN) Exemptions. To date, the USITC has updated these documents three times: first, to incorporate financial service commitments and exemptions following from the interim agreement concluded July 28, 1995 (supplement 1); second, to incorporate basic telecommunication service commitments and exemptions following from the agreement concluded February 15, 1997 (supplement 2); and third, to incorporate final financial service commitments and exemptions following from the agreement concluded December 12, 1997 (supplement 3). In light of the follow-on agreements, this document presents the U.S. Schedule and List of Article II (MFN) Exemptions in three parts. |