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原文传递 GLOBAL ASSESSMENT OF STANDARDS BARRIERS TO TRADE IN THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY

题名：	GLOBAL ASSESSMENT OF STANDARDS BARRIERS TO TRADE IN THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY
作者：	Christopher Johnson and Danielle Kriz
关键词：	information；technology；barrier；standards；global；assess；iers；dust；ssme；trad
摘要：	On September 23, 1997, at the request of the House Committee on Ways and Means (Committee),' the United States International Trade Commission (Commission) instituted investigation No. 332-384, The Changing Structure of the Global Large Civil Aircraft Industry and Market: Implications for the Competitiveness of the U.S. Industry, under section 332(g) of the Tariff Act of 1930, for the purpose of exploring recent developments in the global large civil aircraft (LCA) industry and market. As requested by the Committee, the Commission’s report on the investigation is similar in. scope to the report .submitted to the Senate Committee on Finance by the Commission in Augu.st 1993, initiated under section 332(g) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (USITC inv. No. 332-332, Global Competitiveness of U.S. Advanced-Technology Manufacturing Industries: Large Civil Aircraft, Publication 2667) and includes the following information:  A description of changes in the structure of the global LCA industry, including the Boeing-McDonnell Douglas merger, the restructuring of Airbus Industrie, the emergence of Russian producers, and the possibility of Asian parts suppliers forming consortia to manufacture complete airframes;  A description of developments in the global market for aircraft, including die emergence of regional jet aircraft and proposed jumbo jets, and issues involving Open Skies and free flight;  A description of the implementation and status of the 1992 U.S.-EU Large Civil Aircraft Agreement;  A description of other significant developments that affect the competitiveness of the U.S. LCA industry; and  An anal} sis of the aforementioned structural changes in the LCA industry and market to assess the impact of these changes on the competitiveness of the U.S. LCA industry. For the last 50 years, the United States has been the leading supplier of LCA to the world. Changes in the structure of the global LCA industry and its market may ultimately affect the U.S. industry’s continued dominance, as competition increases and aspiring producers seek to enter the market. The most notable structural change is the merger of Boeing and McDonnell Douglas, which essentially reduced the global LCA industry to two major LCA manufacturers – Boeing of the United States and Airbus Industrie, a consortium of four European partners, headquartered in France. Boeing has gained significant resources from McDonnell Douglas, but faces numerous challenges as well. The ongoing restructuring of the Airbus business operations could, if successful, significantly lower its cost of doing business and enhance its competitive position visa-vis Boeing. New competition for Boeing and Airbus may come from Russia and/or Asia. While the Russian LCA industry has a long history of aeronautical design and manufacturing for its own and former Soviet bloc markets, capital constraints have caused significant delays in bringing its new designs to market. The industry has nearly collapsed since die breakup of the Soviet Union; industry consolidation and corporate restructuring are essential to die industry’s survival. While the current economic crisis in Asia has curtailed the availability of capital, Asian countries remain resolute in their desire to manufacture LCA. Asia’s high passenger traffic growth rates are an incentive for Western producers’ participation in offset agreements, which would further Asian understanding of aircraft and parts manufacturing processes. LCA manufacturers are currently exploring two new types of aircraft, the 100- and 500-seat aircraft. New entrants have also focused on die 100-seat aircraft as a strategic niche in which to enter the LCA market. In spite of the strong interest in these new designs, particularly in the 100- seater, their market potential remains unclear. Copies of the notice of investigation were posted at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. International Trade Commission, Washington, DC 20436, and the notice was published in the Federal Register (vol. 62, No. 190) on October 1, 1997.2 A public hearing was held in conjunction with this investigation on March 17,1998.^ Nothing in this report should be construed to indicate how the Commission would find in an investigation conducted under other statutory authority covering the same or similar subject matter.
报告类型：	科技报告