原文传递
Real-Time Decision Making
| 题名： | Real-Time Decision Making |
| 作者： | Hurwltz, Joshua B.; |
| 关键词： | DECISION MAKING, REAL TIME, AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLES, ENVIRONMENTS, RISK, STRATEGY, MODELS, DRIVES, FATIGUE, EXTERNAL, VEHICLES, SLEEP DEPRIVATION, RANGE(DISTANCE), STARTING, MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS. |
| 摘要： | This paper documents three separate studies in real-time decision making under stress. The first study describes a model, Decision Making under Risk In a Vehicular Environment (DRIVE), which simulates the trade-off between two strategies for achieving a goal in real-time: I) responding quickly to meet a deadline and 2) delaying responses to better evaluate risks. DRIVE was used to predict the performance of a time-pressured automobile driver waiting to cross an intersection, with a car approaching from a side street. Relationships were demonstrated between risk taking on the task and external measures of risk taking. The second study used DRIVE and showed that subjects attempted to cross less often before an oncoming an when it started closer to the intersection, even through the objective risk was the same regardless of starting distance. Also when the car started closer, subjects with more real-life automobile accidents were less likely to take advantage of a longer opportunity to cross first. The third study examined sleep deprivation effects in a DRIVE model. A risk-acceptance parameter in DRIVE better accounted for performance changes across fatigue conditions than a risk-perception parameter. |
| 总页数： | 17 |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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