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Effects of Safe Bicycle Passing Laws on Drivers� Behavior and Bicyclists� Safety

项目名称：	Effects of Safe Bicycle Passing Laws on Drivers� Behavior and Bicyclists� Safety
摘要：	This report identifies the effect of passing distance laws on drivers� behaviors and bicyclist�s safety during an overtaking maneuver. Using an instrumented bicycle and driver survey, the study measured bicycle passing in a naturalistic field experiment using video recording, an ultrasonic distance measuring device, and a LiDAR. In order to evaluate the effect of passing distance laws, the study examined jurisdictions with a three-foot passing law, with a five-foot passing law, and without a passing law. The experiment required a bicyclist to ride the instrumented bicycle in twolane and three-lane roads to capture the distance between the bicycle and the overtaking motor vehicle. Moreover, a new analysis algorithm is presented to assess the speed and distance transformation of the vehicles approaching and entering the passing zone of the bicycle in micro level transportation systems. The results demonstrated that drivers� overtaking distances were significantly greater in locations with the five-foot passing law than in other areas. The study also found that roads with paved shoulders, wider travel lanes, and a greater number of lanes were associated with greater passing distances. In contrast, we found that passing distance was shorter on roads with shared lane markings (i.e., sharrows) or higher truck composition. By comparing the surveys conducted in locations with different passing laws, the study illustrates that drivers usually overestimate the distance that they pass bicyclists. These results can be useful to transportation engineers, policymakers, and legislators who intend to provide efficient designs of road infrastructure to better accommodate bicycles
状态：	Completed
资金：	79933
资助组织：	Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology
管理组织：	Transportation Research Center for Livable Communities
项目负责人：	Dunn, Denise E
执行机构：	Western Michigan University
主要研究人员：	Kwigizile, Valerian
开始时间：	20170815
预计完成日期：	20180831
实际结束时间：	20180831