摘要: |
Motivation: In 1991, the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) initiated a new program
to address the needs of the emerging field of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In this
program, computing the �optimal� route (or path) for a traveler to commute from a designated
source to a destination in a transportation network
1 was identified as one of the main
requirements of any Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS). Subsequently, numerous
route planning solutions were introduced by the research community and adopted by industry
products (e.g., vehicle navigation devices, and online map services such as Google Maps�) to
address this need. Nowadays, such products have become hallmark of ITS in the general public�s
view.
While the literature on algorithms and systems designed for efficient and accurate route planning
in large-scale transportation networks is extensive (see the Related Work Section below), to the
best of knowledge all existing solutions focus on planning optimal routes for individual
travelers. With this approach, �optimality� is defined based on a criterion (or criteria, in case of
multi-criteria route planning) that captures best interest(s) of individual travelers (e.g., fastest
route, shortest route, most scenic route, etc.) rather than those of the transportation
network/system as a whole. Accordingly, each route is planned in a so-called �selfish� manner
for each individual traveler without concern of how this might affect the overall utility of the
transportation network for all travelers. Although popular, this definition of optimality is not
necessarily aligned with the strategic goals of the USDOT, which demand optimal utilization of
the transportation network in terms of performance measures such as mobility/throughput,
overall travel quality, overall safety, and overall environmental sustainability. This proposal
addresses this misalignment by introducing an alternative approach to route planning where
optimality of the routes is defined based on their impact on overall utilization of the
transportation network. |