摘要: |
Collisions with large ungulates (like deer, elk, and bighorn sheep) pose a safety concern for motorists on highways. In an effort to reduce ungulate-vehicle collisions in the right-of-way (ROW), the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) installs ungulate-proof fencing to limit access to the ROW and funnel ungulates to new or existing structures. This fencing has escape mechanisms (jump-outs or slope jumps -- to allow wildlife already on the ROW an opportunity to leave), and wildlife crossing guards (WCGs) to allow vehicles to enter or leave the ROW while limiting wildlife passage. However, minimal empirical data exists on the effectiveness of the escape mechanisms and WCGs in keeping ungulates from the ROW. This research will determine effective heights and designs of escape mechanisms and crossing guards for wildlife such as elk, deer, and desert bighorn sheep. |