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Human Factors Implications of UAVs in the National Airspace.
| 题名： | Human Factors Implications of UAVs in the National Airspace. |
| 作者： | mccarley, j. s. wickens, c. d. |
| 关键词： | military applications, mainstream flight, standards, regulations, human factors, guidelines, research |
| 摘要： | Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are quickly becoming a part of the national airspace system (NAS) as they transition from primarily military and hobbyist applications to mainstream flight applications such as security monitoring, satellite transport, and cargo hauling. Before the full potential of UAV flight in the NAS can be realized, however, FAA standards and regulations for UAV operations must be established. Given the experience of the U.S. military that mishap rates for UAVs are several times higher than for manned aircraft (Williams, 2004)over thirty times higher, in some cases (Department of Defense, 2001)the importance of carefully designed standards and regulations is clear. Issues related to human factors are likely to be of particular concern in establishing guidelines for UAV flight. As noted by Gawron (1998), UAV flight presents human factors challenges different from and in some ways greater than those of manned flight. These arise primarily from the fact that operator and aircraft are not co-located. The separation of operator and vehicle imposes a number of barriers to optimum human performance, including loss of sensory cues valuable for flight control, delays in control and communications loops, and difficulty in scanning the visual environment surrounding the vehicle. Unmanned flight also allows the possibility that a single operator might control multiple vehicles simultaneously, a task likely to impose unique and heavy workload demands. The goal of the current work was to examine the existing research literature on the human factors of unmanned flight, and to delineate issues for future research to address. / NOTE: Technical rept. / Supplementary Notes: Sponsored by Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center, Atlantic City, NJ. / |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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