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原文传递 Effects of Display Dimensionality, Conflict Geometry, and Time Pressure on Conflict Detection and Resolution Performance Using a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information.

题名：	Effects of Display Dimensionality, Conflict Geometry, and Time Pressure on Conflict Detection and Resolution Performance Using a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information.
作者：	thomas, l. c. wickens, c. d.
关键词：	information processing, pilots, performance, workloads, human factors engineering, dimensions, aircraft maneuvers, aviation safety, conflict, detection, resolution
摘要：	Cockpit displays of traffic information (CDTIs) are intended to support pilots' ability to perform en route tasks such as conflict detection and resolution. Three experiments were designed to investigate the effects of CDTI display dimensionality as well as the conflict geometry and time pressure of in-flight conflicts on the performance of these tasks. Pilots were assigned to one of three display conditions: a 2-D Coplanar display combining a top-down and side view, a 3-D Toggle display with two available fixed perspective views, and a 3-D Manipulable display where pilots continuously controlled the viewpoint. Experiment 1 presented simple conflicts where an intruder was predicted to conflict with the pilot's ownship in 5 minutes from the start of the trial. Experiment 2 presented a subset of conflict trials from Experiment 1 with 5 additional traffic aircraft (not in conflict with ownship or intruder). Half of these trials included conflicts predicted to occur in 2 minutes (high time pressure). Pilots in Experiment 2 were also required to perform a concurrent tracking task. Experiment 3 presented pilots with a series of trials where the task was to determine whether a conflict existed between ownship and the intruder. The results of all three experiments indicated that the interactive features included in the two 3-D displays were sufficient to reduce and essentially eliminate previously reported ambiguity costs, compared to the 2-D Coplanar display. All three displays demonstrated vulnerability to increased workload. / NOTE: Technical rept. / Supplementary Notes: Sponsored by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Moffett Field, CA. Ames Research Center. / Availability Note: Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA.
报告类型：	科技报告