摘要: |
The Geosynthetic Institute (GSI) has been asked if a geogrid-reinforced levee will induce a seepage path adjacent to and around the geosynthetic layers. This question has been asked on several occasions for different applications and various styles of geogrids. At this point, GSI has no case histories where it can quantify such behavior. Geogrids are critical reinforcing elements in existing levees (Figure 1). The significance of this work, with the aid of geosynthetics in the core section, is amplified because of the frenetic pace of heightening levees due to sea level rise (a result of global warming).Our first foray into quantifying this phenomenon surrounded work with a modified ASTM D5887 "Standard Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter" device. We know from Daniel, Bowders and Gilbert (1997) that hydraulic-conductivity testing using flexible-wall cells is usually preferred over rigid-wall cells due to the potential for sidewall leakage problems with rigid-wall cells. Excessive sidewall leakage may occur, for example, when test soil shrinks during permeation. Also, the use of a rigid-wall cell does not allow for control of the effective stresses that exist in the test specimen. In addition, particles lining up on a rigid boundary may lead to a preferential path, rather than the tortuous one through the center of the soil portion of the specimen. |