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原文传递 Understanding Civilian Harm in Raqqa and Its Implications for Future Conflicts

题名：	Understanding Civilian Harm in Raqqa and Its Implications for Future Conflicts
责任者：	by Michael J. McNerney, Gabrielle Tarini, Nate Rosenblatt, Karen M. Sudkamp, Pauline Moore, Michelle Grisé, Benjamin J. Sacks, Larry Lewis
关键词：	Asymmetric Warfare, Imagery Intelligence, The Islamic State (Terrorist Organization), Law of War, Military Intelligence, Military Tactics, Syria, Urban Warfare
摘要：	The battle for Raqqa, Syria, seemed like a perfect storm of strategic and operational challenges. When the city was finally liberated from the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) in October 2017, 60 to 80 percent of it was estimated to be uninhabitable. In fact, the battle for Raqqa is a cautionary tale about civilian harm in 21st-century conflicts. The purpose of this report is to discuss how the U.S. military — which is the best-trained and most technologically advanced military in the world, is supported in Operation Inherent Resolve by an international coalition of more than 80 countries, and was partnered in Raqqa with a well-respected militia force on the ground — could cause significant civilian harm despite a deeply ingrained commitment to the law of war. In this report, RAND researchers study the causes of civilian harm in Raqqa and provide insights into how the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) can reduce civilian harm in future operations.
出版机构：	RAND
报告类型：	咨询报告
资源类型：	科技（咨询、行业）报告