摘要: |
To accommodate the expanding economy and population, the global network of roadways continues to grow and the industry generates over 750 million tonnes per year of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP). This has prompted many countries to adopt and embrace the circular economy concept. Increasingly, several industry experts and regulatory agencies urge or mandate the use of high-RAP mixes with the intent to minimise the need for virgin bitumen and aggregates. As a bituminous road pavement ages, there is no appreciable change in the quality of the aggregate component. On the other hand, the bitumen oxidises and changes both physically and chemically, making the bitumen binder stiff and brittle with age. It is well recognised that for high RAP mixes with greater than 25-35% RAP, a rejuvenator or recycling agent is frequently needed to help soften the aged bitumen and restore its functional properties. |