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原文传递 The Parcel Service Industry in the U.S.: Its Size and Role in Commerce

题名：	The Parcel Service Industry in the U.S.: Its Size and Role in Commerce
作者：	Edward K. Morlok, Bardley F. Nitzberg, Karthik Balasubranianiain with the assistance of Mark L. Sand
关键词：	Parcel Service
摘要：	The carrying of parcels has grown to be a very significant part of the transportation system, as large or larger by many measures than most of the major traditional elements of the freight transportation system - airlines, pipelines, railroads, etc. Yet very little is known about the parcel industry. This report provides an overview of the industry and its importance to U.S. commerce. One measure of the size of die parcel industry is its revenues. In 1997, the four carriers that account for well over 90% of U.S. parcel activity ~ Airborne, FedEx, UPS, and the U.S. Postal Service - had $37.9 billion in transportation revenue. This exceeded die domestic transportation revenue of all major freight modes except trucking. Another way of looking at the size of the parcel industry is to examine the goods it delivers. In the BTS' 1977 Commodity Row Survey, only 3.2% of the value of goods shipped went via parcel carriers. But by the latest survey, in 1997, that percentage bad grown to 12.3%. We believe there are fundamentally two reasons why parcel service has become so important in recent years. One consists of changes in the way goods and services are produced and distributed in our economy — globalization, customized mass production, lean inventory management, rapid customer response, and growth in e-commerce, among others. The other is parcel service itself, which is at the vanguard of transportation service modernization with such features as differentiated time-definite service options, intermodal service, in-transit visibility, and data integration with the management systems of customers. Thus parcel service is a major element of the transportation infrastructure of the nation. It is essential for modem commerce. And current trends suggest that parcel service will assume an even more .significant role in die future.
报告类型：	科技报告