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原文传递 Naturalistic Driving Study: Collecting Data on Cell Phone Use

题名：	Naturalistic Driving Study: Collecting Data on Cell Phone Use
作者：	Cook, J. K.; Antin, J. F.; Atkins, W. M.; Hankey, J. M.
关键词：	Motor vehicle drivers##Wireless communication##Electronic equipment##Cell phone use##Crash avoidance##Distractions##Driver performance##Hand held##Motor vehicle accidents##Risk##Traffic safety##Naturalistic driving study (NDS)##Collecting data##Cell phone usage##Cellular telephones##Integrated hands-free(IHF)##Personal communication systems##Portable hands-free(PHF)##
摘要：	The number of wireless (cell phone) subscribers has been growing exponentially. According to CTIA, The Wireless Association, the number of wireless subscribers increased from 33.8 million in 1995 to approximately 315.9 million in 2011 (CTIA 2014). With CTIA reporting that subscribers in the United States used more than 2.295 trillion call minutes and sent more than 2.303 trillion text messages in 2011, it is clear that cell phone use has become a significant factor in day-today lives. This increase in cell phone use is of particular interest to scientists studying driver distraction. McCartt et al. (2006) conducted a review of approximately 125 studies related to cell phone use and driving. The study noted both in simulated and on-road driving studies that the results may be compromised by examining replicated or mock phone conversations as opposed to conversations that might occur naturally. Other research methods have involved obtaining cell phone billing records for a driver only after a crash has occurred. The cell phone records that corresponded to the time of the crash were then compared with records for the same driver from a comparable time period previous to the crash (Redelmeier and Tibshirani 1997). While this casecrossover approach provides data regarding crash risk associated with cell phone use, it is not able to provide a clear picture of what was actually taking place in the vehicle at the time of the crash. Data from recent naturalistic driving studies that include video of the vehicle interior have also examined cell phone use in vehicles (Klauer et al. 2010; Olson et al. 2009). Such naturalistic data allowed researchers to examine what was happening inside the vehicle and in the surrounding environment just before, as well as during, crash-related events. These earlier efforts did not obtain the cell phone records of the driver, requiring researchers to search in a fairly cumbersome manner through the video data for instances, in which it was clear the participant was using
总页数：	25
报告类型：	科技报告