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SOCIAL COST COMPONENT OF AN EFFICIENT TOLL.
| 题名： | SOCIAL COST COMPONENT OF AN EFFICIENT TOLL. |
| 作者： | Tellis-R; Khisty-CJ |
| 关键词： | SOCIAL-COSTS; TOLLS-; HIGHWAY-USERS; AUTOMOBILE-USE; OFF-PEAK-HOUR; PEAK-HOUR |
| 摘要： | Efficient tolls are tolls that ensure that the price paid by the roadway user is equal to the increment of social and private costs resulting from the highway use. Setting these tolls accomplishes an important objective: to correct the current practice that allows driving to be subsidized by government and nonusers. Without restrictions on vehicle ownership and unlimited access to the nation's cost-free roadways, drivers do not pay for the social costs they generate. If motorists were required to pay their fair share of these social costs, travel decisions would probably be altered. Unwarranted trips, especially during peak hours, would be reduced because roadway space would be priced to accurately reflect the actual cost of driving. Beyond private costs, society is burdened with paying for infrastructure construction and maintenance, highway services, wasted fuel, pollution, accidents, and congestion costs from travel delays. The cost to society of automobile travel is assessed so that a charge can be made for the social costs component in computing what an efficient toll should be. It is found that the social cost fee during nonpeak travel comes to 0.67 cent/vehicle-km (1.08 cents/vehicle-mi). Travel during peak periods is far more expensive with the addition of congestion costs. The value of time drives up these costs, and the charges amount to 5.68 cents/vehicle-km (9.14 cents/vehicle-mi) for peak-period travel. |
| 总页数： | Transportation Research Record. 1997. (1576) pp140-146 (1 Tab., 23 Ref.) |
| 报告类型： | 科技报告 |
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