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原文传递 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INLAND WATERWAY – AN OVERVIEW OF THE OHIO RIVER MAINSTEM SYSTEMS STUDY

题名：	SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INLAND WATERWAY – AN OVERVIEW OF THE OHIO RIVER MAINSTEM SYSTEMS STUDY
作者：	David SCHAAF; Lisa PIERCE
关键词：	long-term investment strategy ; sustainable navigation
摘要：	The Ohio River is one of the busiest inland waterways in the world. In excess of 260 million tons (236 million metric tons) of cargo are shipped on the Ohio River annually. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is conducting several studies to determine the long-term investment strategy for sustainable navigation on the inland waterways of the United States. One such study is the Ohio River Mainstem Systems Study (ORMSS). This study utilizes risk-based decision making with engineering reliability analyses and designs that incorporate innovative construction methods to ensure relatively low cost, high quality navigation improvements for the Ohio River system. Major consequences occur when lock chambers along the lower Ohio River are closed to navigation for repair or construction improvements. Closure of a chamber causes significant delay costs to the navigation industry. The ORMSS predicts the impact of future lock chamber closures related to aging components and large-scale construction by using engineering reliability and economic modeling techniques. Engineering reliability analyses and event tree modeling are combined with economic models to determine expected delays on an annual basis, per chamber, at each site. Expected navigation delays and repair costs are estimated for component failure, and risk-based decisions are made in order to program funding for rehabilitations of deteriorated locks. The risk-based models are also used to determine the optimal timing of capital improvements at the higher traffic locks, where available capacity is the constraint to navigation. Most of the 19 projects on the Ohio River are configured with two lock chambers. The main chamber is 1200 feet (366 meters) in length, while the shorter auxiliary chamber is only 600 feet (183 meters) long. Preliminary designs are being developed to extend the existing shorter auxiliary lock chamber to 1200 feet (366 meters) in length at two high traffic projects. Innovative designs and construction techniques are utilized to keep the construction costs relatively low and lessen the adverse impact to navigation. In order to minimize construction costs, unconventional designs such as landside wall diffuser outlets and floating approach walls were selected. In order to minimize interruptions to navigation, innovative in-the-wet construction techniques were selected for the lock extension. Innovative in-the-wet construction is not a traditional lock construction technique, but it is cost effective because it eliminates placement and removal of the costly construction cofferdam that is typically used. For this reason, it also minimizes impacts on navigation traffic.
总页数：	Proceedings of the 30th PIANC-AIPCN Congress. Sydney Australia. 22-26 Sept. 2002. pp13
报告类型：	科技报告