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原文传递 INSTITUTIONAL AND POLITICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PROGRESS OF CONGESTION PRICING PLANS FOR CENTRAL LONDON.

题名：	INSTITUTIONAL AND POLITICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PROGRESS OF CONGESTION PRICING PLANS FOR CENTRAL LONDON.
作者：	Truelove-P
关键词：	Congestion-pricing; Implementation-; London-England; Political-factors; Road-pricing; Traffic-congestion; Transportation-planning; Travelers-
摘要：	There are proposals to introduce road pricing in central London, with implementation planned for 2003. The proposals are being promoted by the mayor, Ken Livingstone. Successful implementation will depend crucially on the political acceptability of the plan. This paper reports on the institutional and political factors influencing progress of the plan, analyzing reasons for that progress, and for the opposition. The principle factors to be considered are: Accountability for the proposal, Political aspects of the scheme design, Relationships between different levels of government. The paper begins by briefly outlining the history of plans and the current proposal, and then considers the relevance of U.S. research that suggests that schemes entailing a substantial alteration in traveler behavior and imposed by a recognizable official or politician are least likely to succeed, which makes the progress to date on the London road pricing scheme atypical. However, the design of the scheme does meet criteria of fairness, clarity of purpose, and relative simplicity suggested as crucial by more recent European Union research. However, opposition to the proposal was inevitable, and the role of second tier local authorities as a focus of opposition is discussed, and an attempt made to identify those problems that are inescapable (e.g. on the perimeter of any scheme) and whether there are any problems that might have been avoided with some clearer allocation of transport planning responsibilities.
总页数：	Conference Title: 9th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems. Location: Chicago, Illinois. Sponsored by: ITS America, ITS Japan, ERTICO (Intelligent Transport Systems and Services-Europe). Held: 20021014-20021017. 2002. pp8
报告类型：	科技报告