Naturanpassade erosionsskydd i farleder
| 项目名称： | Naturanpassade erosionsskydd i farleder |
| 摘要： | The shores along Furusundsleden suffer from ship-generated erosion. Field studies have previously been conducted to investigate ship-generated waves and their effects on shore erosion (Granath 2015). According to these studies, it has been found that the primary waves (drawdown) have the greatest negative impact regarding the erosion and that a reduction in ship speed can partially alleviate this effect. However, only speed limitations will not solve the erosion problem; there is need for protective measures as well, preferably nature-friendly bank protection. Eroding shores along fairways have traditionally been protected by hard structures such as revetments (rip-rap), gabions, or concrete slabs. Hard structures have in common that they are not environmentally friendly and will harm the ecosystem. Hard structures will also move the erosion problem downstream. It is common that local erosion occurs at the edges of hard structures, which could cause undermining and settling of the shore protection structure leading to loss of function. Nature-friendly bank protection measures will stabilize the shoreline and at the same time promote the biodiversity and natural environment along the shore. Such measures involve the use of soft solutions or a combination of soft and hard solutions. Nature-friendly protection is utilized in other countries but not so much in Sweden. Examples from Sweden are beach nourishment (Hanson et al., 2002) and the use of vegetation (De Jong et al., 2014). Soft and combined methods have been tested at a few locations in Sweden, primarily in rivers (Sj�stedt, 2014), but these methods have not been tested as shore protection against ship-generated waves. The aim of this project is to test and evaluate the function and robustness of various nature-friendly bank protection measures in order to: (i) prevent or reduce the erosion, and (ii) improve the biodiversity along shores where human activities have a great impact on the environment. Nature-friendly bank protection using vegetation or different combinations of vegetation, nourishment (sand, gravel), and rip-rap will be built and tested. To be successful with soft and combined solutions it is important to consider the local conditions, including hydrodynamics, sedimentology, geology, morphology, and vegetation. Concerning vegetation, important properties are the root system (length and distribution), growth speed, competitiveness, and soil strength (Leth, 2014). Soft solutions might need to be combined with hard solutions, especially in exposed areas, to avoid erosion during the first years when the vegetation is being established. |
| 资金： | 0.00 |
| 资助组织： | Sj�fartsverket, Sweden |
| 项目负责人： | Danielsson, Per |
| 执行机构： | Statens geotekniska institut |
| 开始时间： | 20160801 |
| 预计完成日期： | 20181231 |
| 实际结束时间： | 0 |
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