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原文传递 Measuring Organizational Factors in Airline Safety.

题名：	Measuring Organizational Factors in Airline Safety.
作者：	von thaden, t. l. wiegmann, d. a. shappell, s. a.
关键词：	operator safety, high-risk systems, case-based analyses, commercial accidents, cause factors
摘要：	In recent years, there have been several major transportation accidents which have brought significant attention to the role that organizational factors play in motivating operator safety within high-risk systems, yet very little has been studied regarding the direct contribution organizational factors play in accidents. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the types of organizational factors associated with accidents that were attributed principally to pilot error. Specifically, we provide case-based analyses of commercial accidents with organizational cause factors from the ten-year period encompassing 1990-2000. Results indicate that inadequacies in procedures and directives rank among the highest organizational problems for both large and small airlines alike. However for small airlines, training, surveillance and supervision also tend to be a large problem, in addition to procedural issues. As airlines grow larger, organizational problems appear to shift from issues of training and surveillance to issues of information sharing and documentation. These findings suggest that while smaller airlines may need to be aware of larger operational oversight issues, larger airlines may need to concentrate on issues of operational consistency. / NOTE: Technical rept. / Supplementary Notes: Sponsored by Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center, Atlantic City, NJ. /
报告类型：	科技报告