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原文传递 RESULTS OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LITTER MANAGEMENT PILOT STUDY.

题名：	RESULTS OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LITTER MANAGEMENT PILOT STUDY.
作者：	Lippner-G; Johnston-J; Combs-S; Walter-K; Marx-D
关键词：	Best-practices; Catch-basins; Deflectors-; Drains-; Freeways-; Grates-; Litter-; Litter-pickup; Los-Angeles-California; Monitoring-; Pilot-studies; Runoff-; Storms-; Street-sweeping; Water-pollution
摘要：	Litter is receiving increasing attention as a water pollutant, especially near Southern California beaches. To investigate the characteristics of litter in freeway storm water and the effectiveness of various best management practices (BMPs), the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) conducted a 2-year litter management pilot study in the Los Angeles area. New litter sampling and monitoring protocols were devised to characterize litter and to test BMP effectiveness. Twenty-four freeway catchments were monitored. Half the catchments were treated with one of five BMPs; the others were controls. The BMPs tested were increased street sweeping frequency, increased frequency of manual litter pickup, a modified drain inlet, a bicycle grate inlet, and a litter inlet deflector (LID) developed during the study. Litter discharges were quantified by weight, volume, and count and were further classified by composition. Roughly half the freeway storm water litter was found to consist of paper, plastic, and Styrofoam. With the exception of cigarette butts, the origins of most litter items could not be identified because of their small size. Of the five BMPs tested, only increased litter pickup and the modified drain inlet demonstrated some apparent reduction of litter in storm water runoff, although the data are highly variable. Increased frequency of sweeping, the bicycle grate, and the LID did not reduce litter effectively in storm water discharges monitored during the study.
总页数：	Transportation Research Record. 2001. (1743) pp10-15 (2 Phot., 3 Fig., 2 Tab., 3 Ref.)
报告类型：	科技报告